Typhoon Goni

  • Typhoon Rolly or Goni, as it is called internationally, made landfall in the eastern Philippines.
  • It is a weakening tropical cyclone that recently made landfall as an extremely powerful Category 5–equivalent super typhoon on Catanduanes Island in the Philippines. 
  • Goni is the strongest tropical cyclone observed worldwide thus far in 2020 and one of the most intense tropical cyclones on record.
  • It is also the most powerful storm to hit the country since Typhoon Haiyan killed more than 6,000 people in 2013.
  • The country’s weather bureau has downgraded the tropical storm from a Super Typhoon to a typhoon.
  • It maintained wind speeds of over 215 km per hour (135 mph) near the centre and gusts of about 295 kph.
CYCLONES
  • Cyclones are centers of low pressure.
  • They are surrounded by closed isobars having increasing pressure outwards. 

TROPICAL CYCLONES

  • Tropical cyclones or hurricanes use warm, moist air as fuel and therefore form over warm ocean waters near the equator. 
  • There are five categories of tropical cyclones, depending on the wind speeds. 
  • When winds in the rotating systems reach 39 mph, the storm is called a tropical storm.
  • When they reach 74 mph, the tropical storm can be classified as a tropical cyclone or a hurricane and is also given a name.
  • Once tropical cyclones make landfall, they become weaker since they are no longer fed by the heat of the ocean, but before dying out completely, they move far inland dumping inches of rainwater and causing wind damage.
NAMING OF STORM SYSTEMS
  • The name "hurricane" is given to systems that develop over the Atlantic or the eastern Pacific Oceans. 
  • In the western North Pacific and Philippines, such systems are called "typhoons".
  • In the Indian and South Pacific Ocean, they are called "cyclones".
  • In north-east coast of Australia, these are known as willy-nilly.

SOURCES: IE, BBC

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